babbitt



2 Sheets-Sheet- 1.

(No Model.)

B.,T. BABBITT.

MANUFACTURE OF CANNON.

No. 308,399. Patented Nov. 26, 1884.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

B. T. BABBITT.

MANUFACTURE OF CANNON.

No. 308,399. Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

Q1/1406 WWW 4nd. %4/% NY PETERS. Phnwmm mm. Wanhmglon. n c,

UNTTnn STATES PATENT @rrrcno BENJAMIN T. BABBITT, OF NEWV YORK, N. Y.

MANUFACTURE OF CANNON.

PBGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,399, dated November 25, 188d.

Application filed July 2, 1884. (N0 model.)

T 0 an whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN T. BABBITT, of the city and county of New York, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Manufacture of Cannon, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in a gun or cannon of cast metal having wrought-metal rings each complete in itself and embedded in'the cast metal ofthe gun, the several rings being supported and isolated from each other by the cast metal in which they are embedded,whereby the strength of a cast-iron or other castmetal gun is greatly increased.

The invention also consists in an improvement in the art of manufacturing cast guns which involves the use of amold having tubes for cooling-fluid extending lengthwise of the mold, and which become embedded in the cast metal when the molten metal is poured, the said tubes providing for the circulation of steam, water, or other cooling-fluid from one end of the gun to the other. A mold having such asystem of tubes or pipes arranged within it is shown and described in my application for Letters Patent filed February 28, 1884, and of which the serial number is 122,282; and my improvement in the art of manufacturing guns or cannon consists in attaching the wrought metal rings above described to the aforesaid cooling-tubes, whereby said rings will be suspended at proper height and in planes at right angles to the axis of the mold, and there held until the filling of the mold with molten metal renders any other support for the rings unnecessary.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the breech portion of a gun embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the dotted line as m, Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a mold wherein the wrought-metal rings are suspended from the cooling-tubes, as hereinafter described.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

A designates the breech portion of a gun, which may be of east ir0n or other cast metal, and A is the bore thereof. Embedded in the cast metal of the gun, and lying in planes at right angles to the bore, are wrought-metal rings. These rings may be of steel or wroughtiron, and, as here shown, are in three series and of different diameters. Each ring is complete in itself. All the rings surround the bore and are embedded between the bore and the circumference of the gun. They are supported and isolated from each other by the metal in which they are embedded. As here shown, the rings B B of the smallest and largest series are in coincident horizontal planes, and the rings B of the middle series are in planes intermediate between the rings B B.

The above-described rings become embedded in the cast metal by the operation of casting, and greatly increase the strength of the gun, and said rings may be arranged in one, two, or more than three series, as may be desired.

O G O designate tubes which extend lengthwise of the gun A, and are also embedded in the cast metal of the gun. These tubes are in circular series, as shown in Fig. 2, and are adjacent to the rings B B B The purpose and manner of using the tubes 0 C G will be best understood from Fig. 8.

D designates the mold,which is constructed, in the usual way, of an outer shell or casing, a, brick-work b, and sand or other mold ma terial c. The mold is arranged vertically, and through it are extended the tubes 0 C G in three circular series, as above described. The series of tubes 0, &c., are connected with circular headers (Z d d-, from which they are supplied with steam or other cooling-fluid, and the circular headers are supplied with coolingfluid by branches 6 e c from afeed or supply pipe, E. The tubes (3, &c., extend upward through and above the mold, and their upper ends may be connected so as to convey away from them the waste steam or other coolingfluid.

The circulation of steam or other coolingfluid through the tubes above described serves to prevent unequal contraction and the consequent straining of the cast metal as it cools, and the tubes here serve the additional purpose of supports to which the rings B B B may be attached.

The rings may be attached to the tubes in any suitable manner-as, for example, by tying them on by wire f-and by the said tubes the rings will be suspended at proper distances from each other and at proper height until the cast metal is poured and sets, when they Will need no other support. After the gun is cast the protruding ends of the tubes 0 O (J are cut off.

The cooling-tubes may be arranged in any desired number of circular series.

I am aware that it is not new to construct a gun of a tube forming the bore and superposed spirally-wound layers of wire incorporated together by solder.

I am also aware that it has been proposed in the construction of guns which are composed of tubes or annular pieces severally surround ing each other to employ in lieu of one solid annular piece or tube a series of rings fitting 'one another and locked together.

I do not claim the above constructions as of my invention and my gun is distinguished by having wrought-metal rings each complete in itself which are embedded in cast metal, whereby they are supported and isolated one from another.

What I claim asmy invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

pending from or attaching to said tubes at desired distances apart, and in planes transverse to the axis of the mold, wrought-metal rings,

which, by the operation of casting, become embedded in the cast metal of the cannon, sub stantially as and for the purpose herein described.

13. T. BABBITT.

Witnesses FREDK. HAYNES, 'EMIL SoHwARTY. 

